Labour Parliamentarians Briefing on
Rohingya Refugees at Parliament
Dr.
Mozammel Haque
Labour
Parliamentarians invited press at the Palace of Westminster, Houses of
Parliament, on Monday, 29 January 2018, to brief the position of Labour party
and parliamentarians on the Rohingya situations both in Cox’s Bazaar Bangladesh
and in Rakhine state Myanmar. They said: “We would like to invite you to come
and hear about our work and what we want the British Government to do to
resolve this crisis.”
They mentioned: “Since large-scale,
state-approved violence re-erupted against the Rohingya people last August, an
estimated 688,000 more refugees have fled across the border into Bangladesh,
around half of them children, now living in desperate squalor and poverty in hugely
over-crowded camps in the Cox’s Bazar district.
“This is one of the worst humanitarian disasters we have
seen in a long time, and the Labour Party considers the campaign by the Myanmar
military against the Rohingya Muslims to be ethnic cleansing. Labour MPs
have been extremely active; taking the initiative in parliament to raise the
issues and pressing the British Government to ensure that the Rohingya can get
as much aid as possible and to do all they can to get Myanmar authorities to
stop their ethnic cleansing campaign,” they mentioned.
The
Labour Parliamentarians who were present and talked about the situations and
their works were: Helen Goodman MP, Shadow FCO Minister with responsibility for
East Asia and Myanmar, who has been leading for Her Majesty’s Opposition on
debates in Parliament. Stephen Twigg MP,
Labour Chair of the International Development Committee, which published a
fantastic report last week that highlights the Government’s slow response and
Rushanara Ali MP, who has been championing the Rohingya’s cause in Parliament
and who sent a letter, signed by over 150 MPs, to the Foreign Secretary in
September calling for government action.
Helen Goodman MP
First of all The
first speaker was Helen Goodman who at the beginning, gave a brief activities
which the Labour Parliamentarians are doing. She mentioned: “Ever since the
Rohingya people started to cross the border in August and the first urgent
question was raised by Yasmin Qureishi on the 5th of September 2017
and then Roshanara Ali coordinated a letter which 150 Members of Parliament
signed to the Foreign Secretary and then she initiated backbench business
community to debate which is a debate in the main chamber on the 17th
of October 2017. Some Labour MPs went to Cox’s Bazaar and one of those was Dr.
Roberta Blackman-Woods, Labour MP and she initiated another debate at
Westminster Hall on 28th of November 2017 and then as well as
raising at Foreign Office questions Emily Thornberry spoke in the opposition
debate last Wednesday, the 24th of January 2018. So you can see all
the time we have been pushing pushing and pushing to get the government to be
more energetic in their policy.”
After this
introductory few words, MP Goodman requested
Stephen Twigg, MP, to talk about the Select Committee Report and said that she
would come back to describe “where we agree with the government and where we would
like stronger response where Labour position is different from the government.”
Summary of briefings
During the
parliamentary briefing, Labour parliamentarians touched on the issues of return
to Rakhine state, repatriation of Rohingyas, oppression, appalling evidence of
crimes of rape and sexual violence.
Parliamentarian
Stephen Twigg mentioned about the All Party Parliamentary Select Committee
Report into the International Development into Bangladesh and Burma of which he
was the chairman and the report was published two weeks ago. He also mentioned
we made it very clear that the conditions are not in place for any
repatriation. He also said any return should certainly be voluntary. He
emphasized Rohingya voice should be heard. Stephen MP mentioned the oppression
of the Rohingya goes back decades. There is a big failure of policy. He also
mentioned about the appalling evidence of crimes of rape and sexual violence
against women and children.
Parliamentarian
Helen Goodman mentioned about the debate in the main chambers by Emily
Thornberry on 24 January 2018. She described the points Labour Party agreed
with the government and the points on which Labour party wants strong response.
Speaking about the five point plan about which the Labour is in agreement is:
an end to violence; guarantee humanitarian aid access; and any return must be
safe, voluntary and dignified; implement the recommendations of the Kofi Annan
Commission and have access for the UN Human Rights Commission for Fact-finding
mission.
As regards the
points of difference, Goodman MP mentioned, the first point of difference is
protecting the reputation of Aung San Suu Kyi for which Rohingya has to pay the
price which is not acceptable. The second point of difference relates to
terrible gender-based violence. The third point of difference is repatriation.
No repatriation without the involvement of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees.
Fourth point of difference is on sanctions. Fifth point of difference is: “we think
the government which is penholder in the UN should take the initiative on
this.”
Parliamentarian
Roshanara mentioned about her visit and the conditions of refugees. She said,
‘absolutely horrified, essentially like prison camps; apartheid.’ She also
mentioned about the response of the international community: “the international
community was very slow to catch off at what’s been happening in spite of the
warnings.”
Goodman mentioned
about the Emily Thornberry’s debate on 24th of January, 2018. I
thought it is important to add some of the excerpts from that debate at the end
of this report.
Stephen Twigg, MP
Labour MP Stephen
Twigg echoed what his colleague parliamentarian Helen Goodman has said. He
mentioned, “I think number of Labour colleagues including those Helen referred
to have taken the lead on this both on the front bench and on the back bench.
My is slightly different because I chair across party I did when we fought in
the autumn to have an enquiry into the work of International Development was
doing in Bangladesh and Burma but to start by looking specifically at the
Rohingya crisis. We published our report two weeks ago.”
He said, “We set
a number of things. Our report publication coincided with suggestions. He
mentioned about repatriation. He said, “that the government of Burma and
Bangladesh have agreed around repatriation of some of the Rohingya refugees; we
made very very clear that we do not believe that the conditions are in place
for any repatriation that even be considered to be seen massive changing in Burma
itself that any return should certainly be voluntary. Connected to that and
something that came across the debate Emily Thornberry led last week is that
very often in debates on the Rohingya the voices of the Rohingya themselves are
not heard.”
He also mentioned
about the voices of the Rohingya themselves are not heard. He said, “We think
one of the priorities and the UK can play a positive role on this is amongst those
who are living refugees in Cox’s Bazaar and elsewhere. Let us identify leaders that
can speak for their communities so that the Rohingya voice is heard and that is
relevant to today’s discussion; because of course we do have Rohingya community
here in the UK who live as refugees and number of our colleagues, for example, some of the Bradford MPs where there is a very
significant Rohingya community have made the point that we need to listen to
the Rohingya Diaspora in our own country and we certainly gather evidence from
British Rohingya as an important part of our enquiry that we did that.”
Parliamentarian Twigg then talked about the history
of the Rohingya people. He mentioned, “We looked at some of the history because
Rohingya is really important to make the point that this is not something that
had happened unexpectedly. There were many early warnings that something like
this could happened; the oppression of the Rohingya goes back decades; this is not
something that simply emerged in recent years. And I think there is a big
failure of policy more often done to try to prevent this from happening.”
He also mentioned the other aspects which they have
focussed in the Report. He said, “We focussed a lot in our Report is the
appalling evidence of crimes of rape and sexual violence against women and
children in particular and they need from the UK office to do a lot more to
collect evidence and also to give support to those who have suffered appalling
violence including sexual violence. That is a very brief summary of quite a
long report probably the key headlines happened.”
Helen Goodman, MP
As said earlier,
parliamentarian Helen Goodman started to describe at which points they agreed
and at which points they need stronger response. She said, “The House has put
59 million pounds aid we support that and we really pleased that they have done
that. And they have a five point plan and that is: an end to violence;
guarantee humanitarian aid access; and any return must be safe, voluntary and
dignified; implement the recommendations of the Kofi Annan Commission and have
access for the UN Human Rights Commission for Fact-finding mission. So we
agreed with all these things but we felt as well as willing ends we have to the
means and this is where we would like a stronger response because we now got 680,000
refugees; many many people have suffered horrendous crimes.”
Parliamentarian Goodman after pointing out the point
where she agreed and then she mentioned the points of difference. She mentioned:
“Many people have suffered horrendous crimes and the scale of problems just
emerged. So our first point of difference is that we think the government was
too slow. This is being, as Stephen has described, a long running problem so
they should have been more alert when it really blew up in August-September,
2017. We think they should have acknowledged the ethnic cleansing much faster;
it took us in November to get the Minister to say that and we feel that there
have been too interested in protecting the reputation of Aung San Suu Kyi. They
have been very anxious to protect her position within Burma; that is important;
of course that is important. But the suffering by the Rohingya people cannot be
a price who are paying for critical development in Burma; that’s not
acceptable. That is our first point of difference.”
Parliamentarian Goodman then mentioned the second
point of difference which is related to terrible gender based violence. She
mentioned: “Our second point of difference relates to the terrible gender-based
violence. That the British government has 71 people trained and able to do
counselling and support people who suffered sex crimes, rape and that so far
they only sent two out of those 71 people. Well they cannot be greater need for
that support than they need in Cox’s Bazaar at the moment. We just cannot
understand why they only sent two of the 71 people.”
Goodman MP also mentioned her third point of
difference on the issue of repatriation. She said, “Thirdly we believe there
should be no repatriation without the involvement of the UN High Commissioner for
Refugees. We think the idea we rely on the Red Cross or some of the voluntary
organisation, however good they are, it’s not the same of having the UN;
because the UN has a legal responsibility and legal powers and legal duties
that nobody else has. We want the UN to be there to see the situation is in
Rakhine state and for that to be no question of people going back without that
UN presence being permanent; it’s not possible; it’s clearly not possible.”
Then Parliamentarian Goodman mentioned another point
of difference on sanctions. She explained, “We have difference with on
sanctions. Now you will probably remember we had full investment trade sanction
between 1996 and 2012; Last September the Prime Minister announced the
re-imposition of arms sanction which is good; but we don’t think these sanctions
covered broad enough spread the relationship that we have with Myanmar. The
sanctions are come to an end in March. So we would like to have statement now
from the government that they will roll these sanctions over in April unless we
have succeeded in getting UN in and proved the conditions are safe. My personal
view is that incredibly unlikely. I don’t think that thing is going to happen. I
think that sanctions should be rolled over but you know; if there is a miracle.”
Parliamentarian Goodman then maintained, “But now we would like these
sanctions extended to two areas: one is to all the economic sectors controlled
by the military of the Myanmar. In Myanmar the economy got two parts; it has got
big big parts of industrial corporations controlled by the military and they
don’t just control the army; they control weapons manufacturing; they control
some of the mineral extractions and we would like to see sanctions extended to
that part of the economy. And we would also like to see sanctions extended to
individuals who we know have been responsible for the abuses and we now in the
situations where we are even behind the Americans because the Americans have
used the law to put sanctions on the man called Maung Maung Soe who ran the
campaign in the Rakhine state.”
Talking about taking initiative to raise the Rohingya
issue in the UN, MP Goodman said, “We think the government which is the penholder
in the UN should take the initiative on this. Now we know that there would be
pushed back from China and Russia. We are not naïve about this; but we think
the government should take the initiative. We also think that we should use the
opportunity which we have to collaborate with our EU colleagues because we
could have EU sanctions. We could do that even before we get agreement in the UN.”
“For Labour, this
crisis is a priority which is why Emily spoke and I can give you what she said
last Wednesday,” mentioned Goodman MP and said, “Boris Johnson went to Myanmar
and all we saw he was doing; that’s not acceptable; because this is a very big
crisis; and we need the top of the government to be putting it weight behind
pressing for resolutions.”
Roshanara Ali MP
Then Parliamentarian
Roshanara Ali spoke on the Rohingya situation. She visited Rakhine state in
2013 after the violence. Roshanara MP said, “When I went to Burma with refugees
international Burma campaign; she was absolutely horrified; situation was
essentially like prison camps; apartheid. You can’t get access to help; you
cannot move around; and the daily battle of survival was horrific; humanitarian
agency in the north were not allowed to go as much and the NGOs were really
concerned because they had very limited access for medical staff; if there is
any emergency they phoned life-threatening situation particularly for women
during child birth with unprecedented.”
Speaking about the response of the international
community, parliamentarian Roshanara said, “The international community being very
slow to catch off at what’s been happening despite the warnings and there are
still number of countries selling arms not just usual suspects I understand
countries like Pakistan; so we do need much more assertive action and
leadership in government both at UN level. So along side with the debates in
parliament which is very well attended; numbers of colleagues have visited
Rakhine as well as delegations.”
She also mentioned about the Holocaust Memorial day
during the Second World War and “There have been subsequent genocide UN has
stated, as Helen has already said, this is a textbook of crime against humanity,”
she mentioned.
Speaking about sending back Rohingyas to Myanmar,
parliamentarian Roshanara said, “Without security sending people back is equivalent
back to the perpetrated army.” She said that the idea of repatriation should be
under the international protection. That’s the first step.”
Questions
& Answers Session
In the
Questions & Answers Session, I raised some of the questions such as the
1982 Citizenship Act which makes the Rohingya community stateless and the
Myanmar authority does not treat them as Rohingyas. Both the parliamentarians
Stephen and Helen agreed and said, “Exactly;
that’s the fundamental. Absolutely; that’s the fundamental problem. That’s why
we want to see the amendments that Kofi Annan made - everyone has the right of
citizenship share.”
I also
raised the question about the role of international community to raise the
Rohingya crisis in the UN Security Council.
Replying to that, Parliamentarian Goodman said, “We want the government to take the initiative. When we ask them they said
to us China and Russia will say that is probably the realistic assessment. We
could go for a resolution in the UN but my point is we can also work through
the EU; we don’t need to get involved in worrying about China and Russia;
should we think the EU. We could make
strong sanctions.”
Debate on Refugees and
Human Rights
on 24 January 2018: Some
Excerpts
Emily Thornberry
(Islington South and Finsbury) (Lab)
Emily Thornberry said: “No one present needs any
reminding of the horrors and hardship that the Rohingya have faced ever since
the attacks in August. No one needs any telling of the desperate humanitarian
situation in the camps on the Bangladesh border. No one needs any warning of
the dangers of the proposed repatriation of the Rohingya. What we need to know
is what action our Government are actually taking—not just to alleviate the
situation, but to resolve it.”
Emily Thornberry MP also mentioned: “We know that Myanmar simply will not act without
external pressure—not on consent for repatriation, and not on the guarantees
the Rohingya need regarding their future security, citizenship and economic
viability. Will the Minister, finally, use our role as the UN penholder on this
issue to submit a Security Council resolution to ensure legally binding
guarantees on and international monitoring of all these issues? Until we get
those guarantees, will he urge India and Japan to withdraw their offer to fund
the planned repatriation?”
Emily Thornberry MP also said, “As we work for the
future protection of the Rohingya, we cannot forget those who have already
suffered and died, so let me ask the Minister this as well: is it still the
case that only two of the Government’s 70 experts on international sexual
violence have so far been deployed in the region, despite the vast scale of
crimes that have occurred? Will he make it clear that Myanmar must allow the UN
special rapporteur on human rights to carry out her investigation unobstructed,
or Myanmar risks once more being a pariah state and being pushed out into the
cold?
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